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Linux / Bash Bảng lệnh gian lận
Bảng cheat lệnh Linux và Bash toàn diện. Tìm kiếm hơn 80 lệnh cần thiết kèm theo ví dụ, mô tả và sao chép bằng một cú nhấp chuột.
ls
List directory contents
Ví dụ:
ls -la /home/userls -la
List all files including hidden, with details
Ví dụ:
ls -la ~/Documentscd
Change directory
Ví dụ:
cd /var/logpwd
Print working directory path
Ví dụ:
pwdmkdir
Create a new directory
Ví dụ:
mkdir -p /tmp/mydir/subdirrm
Remove files or directories
Ví dụ:
rm -rf /tmp/oldfilescp
Copy files or directories
Ví dụ:
cp -r /src/dir /dst/dirmv
Move or rename files/directories
Ví dụ:
mv oldname.txt newname.txttouch
Create an empty file or update timestamp
Ví dụ:
touch newfile.txtfind
Search for files in a directory hierarchy
Ví dụ:
find /home -name '*.log' -mtime -7locate
Find files by name using a prebuilt database
Ví dụ:
locate nginx.confln
Create hard or symbolic links
Ví dụ:
ln -s /path/to/target /path/to/linkdf
Report disk space usage of file systems
Ví dụ:
df -hdu
Estimate file space usage
Ví dụ:
du -sh /var/log/*stat
Display file or file system status
Ví dụ:
stat /etc/passwdfile
Determine file type
Ví dụ:
file /usr/bin/bashcat
Concatenate and display file contents
Ví dụ:
cat /etc/hostsless
View file content one screen at a time
Ví dụ:
less /var/log/syslogmore
View file content page by page
Ví dụ:
more /etc/passwdhead
Output the first part of a file
Ví dụ:
head -n 20 /var/log/auth.logtail
Output the last part of a file
Ví dụ:
tail -f /var/log/sysloggrep
Search text using patterns
Ví dụ:
grep -rn 'error' /var/log/sed
Stream editor for filtering and transforming text
Ví dụ:
sed 's/old/new/g' file.txtawk
Pattern scanning and text processing language
Ví dụ:
awk '{print $1, $3}' access.logsort
Sort lines of text files
Ví dụ:
sort -k2 -n data.txtuniq
Report or omit repeated lines
Ví dụ:
sort file.txt | uniq -cwc
Print newline, word, and byte counts
Ví dụ:
wc -l /etc/passwdcut
Remove sections from each line of files
Ví dụ:
cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwdtr
Translate or delete characters
Ví dụ:
echo 'hello' | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'echo
Display a line of text
Ví dụ:
echo "Hello, World!"printf
Format and print data
Ví dụ:
printf "%s\t%d\n" name 42diff
Compare files line by line
Ví dụ:
diff file1.txt file2.txttee
Read from stdin and write to stdout and files
Ví dụ:
ls | tee output.txtps
Report a snapshot of current processes
Ví dụ:
ps aux | grep nginxtop
Display Linux processes in real time
Ví dụ:
top -u www-datahtop
Interactive process viewer (ncurses-based)
Ví dụ:
htopkill
Send a signal to a process
Ví dụ:
kill -9 1234killall
Kill processes by name
Ví dụ:
killall firefoxbg
Resume a suspended job in the background
Ví dụ:
bg %1fg
Bring a job to the foreground
Ví dụ:
fg %1jobs
List active jobs in the current shell
Ví dụ:
jobs -lnohup
Run a command immune to hangups
Ví dụ:
nohup ./script.sh &nice
Run a command with modified scheduling priority
Ví dụ:
nice -n 10 ./heavy_task.shsystemctl
Control the systemd system and service manager
Ví dụ:
systemctl restart nginxservice
Run a System V init script
Ví dụ:
service apache2 statusping
Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
Ví dụ:
ping -c 4 google.comcurl
Transfer data from or to a server
Ví dụ:
curl -L -o file.zip https://example.com/file.zipwget
Non-interactive network downloader
Ví dụ:
wget -q https://example.com/file.tar.gzssh
OpenSSH remote login client
Ví dụ:
ssh -i ~/.ssh/key.pem user@hostscp
Secure copy files between hosts
Ví dụ:
scp user@host:/path/file.txt ./local/rsync
Remote file copying tool with delta transfer
Ví dụ:
rsync -avz /src/ user@host:/dst/netstat
Print network connections and routing tables
Ví dụ:
netstat -tulpnss
Utility to investigate sockets
Ví dụ:
ss -tulwnifconfig
Configure a network interface
Ví dụ:
ifconfig eth0ip
Show and manipulate routing, devices, and tunnels
Ví dụ:
ip addr shownmap
Network exploration tool and port scanner
Ví dụ:
nmap -sV 192.168.1.0/24dig
DNS lookup utility
Ví dụ:
dig +short A google.comnslookup
Query Internet name servers interactively
Ví dụ:
nslookup example.comchmod
Change file mode bits (permissions)
Ví dụ:
chmod 755 script.shchown
Change file owner and group
Ví dụ:
chown -R www-data:www-data /var/wwwchgrp
Change group ownership
Ví dụ:
chgrp developers project/sudo
Execute a command as another user (superuser)
Ví dụ:
sudo systemctl restart nginxsu
Change user ID or become superuser
Ví dụ:
su - postgrespasswd
Change user password
Ví dụ:
passwd usernameumask
Set or display the file mode creation mask
Ví dụ:
umask 022id
Print user and group information
Ví dụ:
id usernamewhoami
Print the current effective user name
Ví dụ:
whoamigroups
Print the groups a user is in
Ví dụ:
groups usernametar
Archive files using tape archive format
Ví dụ:
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz /path/to/dirtar -x
Extract files from a tar archive
Ví dụ:
tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz -C /target/gzip
Compress files using GNU zip
Ví dụ:
gzip -9 large_file.loggunzip
Decompress gzip compressed files
Ví dụ:
gunzip archive.tar.gzzip
Package and compress files into a ZIP archive
Ví dụ:
zip -r output.zip /path/to/dirunzip
Extract files from a ZIP archive
Ví dụ:
unzip archive.zip -d /target/bzip2
Compress files using bzip2 algorithm
Ví dụ:
bzip2 -z large_file.txtxz
Compress files using the XZ algorithm
Ví dụ:
xz -z -9 file.txtuname
Print system information
Ví dụ:
uname -auptime
Tell how long the system has been running
Ví dụ:
uptimefree
Display amount of free and used memory
Ví dụ:
free -hlscpu
Display information about the CPU architecture
Ví dụ:
lscpulsblk
List information about block devices
Ví dụ:
lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINTlspci
List all PCI devices
Ví dụ:
lspci -v | grep VGAdmesg
Print or control the kernel ring buffer
Ví dụ:
dmesg | tail -50journalctl
Query and display messages from the journal
Ví dụ:
journalctl -u nginx --since '1 hour ago'history
Display the command history list
Ví dụ:
history | grep dockerenv
Print environment variables
Ví dụ:
env | grep PATHif / then / fi
Conditional execution in shell scripts
Ví dụ:
if [ -f file.txt ]; then echo exists; fifor
Loop over a list of items
Ví dụ:
for i in 1 2 3; do echo $i; donewhile
Execute commands while a condition is true
Ví dụ:
while read line; do echo $line; done < filecase
Multi-branch conditional matching pattern
Ví dụ:
case "$var" in a) echo A;; b) echo B;; esacfunction
Define a shell function
Ví dụ:
greet() { echo "Hello, $1!"; }; greet Worldexport
Set environment variables for child processes
Ví dụ:
export MY_VAR=valuesource
Execute commands from a file in current shell
Ví dụ:
source ~/.bashrcalias
Create an alias for a command
Ví dụ:
alias ll='ls -la'cron / crontab
Schedule commands to run periodically
Ví dụ:
crontab -e # 0 * * * * /path/to/script.shat
Execute commands at a specified time
Ví dụ:
echo 'ls /tmp' | at 14:30Công Cụ Liên Quan
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