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Linux / Bash Command Cheat Sheet

Comprehensive Linux at Bash command cheat sheet. Maghanap ng 80+ mahahalagang command na may mga halimbawa, paglalarawan, at isang-click na kopya.

ls
List directory contents
Halimbawa:ls -la /home/user
ls -la
List all files including hidden, with details
Halimbawa:ls -la ~/Documents
cd
Change directory
Halimbawa:cd /var/log
pwd
Print working directory path
Halimbawa:pwd
mkdir
Create a new directory
Halimbawa:mkdir -p /tmp/mydir/subdir
rm
Remove files or directories
Halimbawa:rm -rf /tmp/oldfiles
cp
Copy files or directories
Halimbawa:cp -r /src/dir /dst/dir
mv
Move or rename files/directories
Halimbawa:mv oldname.txt newname.txt
touch
Create an empty file or update timestamp
Halimbawa:touch newfile.txt
find
Search for files in a directory hierarchy
Halimbawa:find /home -name '*.log' -mtime -7
locate
Find files by name using a prebuilt database
Halimbawa:locate nginx.conf
ln
Create hard or symbolic links
Halimbawa:ln -s /path/to/target /path/to/link
df
Report disk space usage of file systems
Halimbawa:df -h
du
Estimate file space usage
Halimbawa:du -sh /var/log/*
stat
Display file or file system status
Halimbawa:stat /etc/passwd
file
Determine file type
Halimbawa:file /usr/bin/bash
cat
Concatenate and display file contents
Halimbawa:cat /etc/hosts
less
View file content one screen at a time
Halimbawa:less /var/log/syslog
more
View file content page by page
Halimbawa:more /etc/passwd
head
Output the first part of a file
Halimbawa:head -n 20 /var/log/auth.log
tail
Output the last part of a file
Halimbawa:tail -f /var/log/syslog
grep
Search text using patterns
Halimbawa:grep -rn 'error' /var/log/
sed
Stream editor for filtering and transforming text
Halimbawa:sed 's/old/new/g' file.txt
awk
Pattern scanning and text processing language
Halimbawa:awk '{print $1, $3}' access.log
sort
Sort lines of text files
Halimbawa:sort -k2 -n data.txt
uniq
Report or omit repeated lines
Halimbawa:sort file.txt | uniq -c
wc
Print newline, word, and byte counts
Halimbawa:wc -l /etc/passwd
cut
Remove sections from each line of files
Halimbawa:cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
tr
Translate or delete characters
Halimbawa:echo 'hello' | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'
echo
Display a line of text
Halimbawa:echo "Hello, World!"
printf
Format and print data
Halimbawa:printf "%s\t%d\n" name 42
diff
Compare files line by line
Halimbawa:diff file1.txt file2.txt
tee
Read from stdin and write to stdout and files
Halimbawa:ls | tee output.txt
ps
Report a snapshot of current processes
Halimbawa:ps aux | grep nginx
top
Display Linux processes in real time
Halimbawa:top -u www-data
htop
Interactive process viewer (ncurses-based)
Halimbawa:htop
kill
Send a signal to a process
Halimbawa:kill -9 1234
killall
Kill processes by name
Halimbawa:killall firefox
bg
Resume a suspended job in the background
Halimbawa:bg %1
fg
Bring a job to the foreground
Halimbawa:fg %1
jobs
List active jobs in the current shell
Halimbawa:jobs -l
nohup
Run a command immune to hangups
Halimbawa:nohup ./script.sh &
nice
Run a command with modified scheduling priority
Halimbawa:nice -n 10 ./heavy_task.sh
systemctl
Control the systemd system and service manager
Halimbawa:systemctl restart nginx
service
Run a System V init script
Halimbawa:service apache2 status
ping
Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
Halimbawa:ping -c 4 google.com
curl
Transfer data from or to a server
Halimbawa:curl -L -o file.zip https://example.com/file.zip
wget
Non-interactive network downloader
Halimbawa:wget -q https://example.com/file.tar.gz
ssh
OpenSSH remote login client
Halimbawa:ssh -i ~/.ssh/key.pem user@host
scp
Secure copy files between hosts
Halimbawa:scp user@host:/path/file.txt ./local/
rsync
Remote file copying tool with delta transfer
Halimbawa:rsync -avz /src/ user@host:/dst/
netstat
Print network connections and routing tables
Halimbawa:netstat -tulpn
ss
Utility to investigate sockets
Halimbawa:ss -tulwn
ifconfig
Configure a network interface
Halimbawa:ifconfig eth0
ip
Show and manipulate routing, devices, and tunnels
Halimbawa:ip addr show
nmap
Network exploration tool and port scanner
Halimbawa:nmap -sV 192.168.1.0/24
dig
DNS lookup utility
Halimbawa:dig +short A google.com
nslookup
Query Internet name servers interactively
Halimbawa:nslookup example.com
chmod
Change file mode bits (permissions)
Halimbawa:chmod 755 script.sh
chown
Change file owner and group
Halimbawa:chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www
chgrp
Change group ownership
Halimbawa:chgrp developers project/
sudo
Execute a command as another user (superuser)
Halimbawa:sudo systemctl restart nginx
su
Change user ID or become superuser
Halimbawa:su - postgres
passwd
Change user password
Halimbawa:passwd username
umask
Set or display the file mode creation mask
Halimbawa:umask 022
id
Print user and group information
Halimbawa:id username
whoami
Print the current effective user name
Halimbawa:whoami
groups
Print the groups a user is in
Halimbawa:groups username
tar
Archive files using tape archive format
Halimbawa:tar -czvf archive.tar.gz /path/to/dir
tar -x
Extract files from a tar archive
Halimbawa:tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz -C /target/
gzip
Compress files using GNU zip
Halimbawa:gzip -9 large_file.log
gunzip
Decompress gzip compressed files
Halimbawa:gunzip archive.tar.gz
zip
Package and compress files into a ZIP archive
Halimbawa:zip -r output.zip /path/to/dir
unzip
Extract files from a ZIP archive
Halimbawa:unzip archive.zip -d /target/
bzip2
Compress files using bzip2 algorithm
Halimbawa:bzip2 -z large_file.txt
xz
Compress files using the XZ algorithm
Halimbawa:xz -z -9 file.txt
uname
Print system information
Halimbawa:uname -a
uptime
Tell how long the system has been running
Halimbawa:uptime
free
Display amount of free and used memory
Halimbawa:free -h
lscpu
Display information about the CPU architecture
Halimbawa:lscpu
lsblk
List information about block devices
Halimbawa:lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE,MOUNTPOINT
lspci
List all PCI devices
Halimbawa:lspci -v | grep VGA
dmesg
Print or control the kernel ring buffer
Halimbawa:dmesg | tail -50
journalctl
Query and display messages from the journal
Halimbawa:journalctl -u nginx --since '1 hour ago'
history
Display the command history list
Halimbawa:history | grep docker
env
Print environment variables
Halimbawa:env | grep PATH
if / then / fi
Conditional execution in shell scripts
Halimbawa:if [ -f file.txt ]; then echo exists; fi
for
Loop over a list of items
Halimbawa:for i in 1 2 3; do echo $i; done
while
Execute commands while a condition is true
Halimbawa:while read line; do echo $line; done < file
case
Multi-branch conditional matching pattern
Halimbawa:case "$var" in a) echo A;; b) echo B;; esac
function
Define a shell function
Halimbawa:greet() { echo "Hello, $1!"; }; greet World
export
Set environment variables for child processes
Halimbawa:export MY_VAR=value
source
Execute commands from a file in current shell
Halimbawa:source ~/.bashrc
alias
Create an alias for a command
Halimbawa:alias ll='ls -la'
cron / crontab
Schedule commands to run periodically
Halimbawa:crontab -e # 0 * * * * /path/to/script.sh
at
Execute commands at a specified time
Halimbawa:echo 'ls /tmp' | at 14:30

Tungkol sa tool na ito

Isang komprehensibong gabay sa mabilisang sanggunian para sa linux bash. Mag-browse ng mga karaniwang ginagamit na command, syntax, at mga halimbawa na nakaayos ayon sa kategorya. Mahahanap at madaling gamitin sa mobile — i-bookmark ang pahinang ito para sa agarang pag-access kapag kailangan mo ng mabilis na paalala.

Paano gamitin

  1. I-browse ang mga nakategoryang seksyon ng sanggunian.
  2. Gamitin ang search bar upang maghanap ng mga partikular na command o syntax.
  3. Mag-click sa anumang entry upang makita ang mga halimbawa ng paggamit at paliwanag.
  4. Direktang kopyahin ang mga command para magamit sa iyong terminal o editor.

Mga madalas itanong

Napapanahon ba ang sanggunian na ito?
Sinasaklaw ng reference ang mga command at syntax na malawakang ginagamit na stable sa mga bersyon. Para sa mga pinakabagong karagdagan o feature na partikular sa bersyon, tingnan ang opisyal na dokumentasyon.
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Komprehensibo ba ito o ang mga pangunahing kaalaman lamang?
Sinasaklaw nito ang pinakakaraniwang ginagamit na mga command at pattern na humahawak sa 90% ng mga pang-araw-araw na gawain. Para sa angkop na lugar o advanced na mga tampok, kumonsulta sa opisyal na dokumentasyon.
Maaari ba akong magmungkahi ng mga karagdagan?
Regular naming ina-update ang aming mga sanggunian. Kung may napansin kang mga nawawalang command o may mga mungkahi, ipaalam sa amin sa pamamagitan ng aming contact page.